The miniaturized femtosecond laser in near infrared-II region is the core equipment of three-photon microscopy. In this paper, we design a compact and robust illumination source that emits dual-color linearly polarized light for three-photon microscopy. Based on an all-polarization-maintaining passive mode-locked fiber laser, we shift the center wavelength of the pulses to the 1.7μm band utilizing cascade Raman effect, thereby generate dual-wavelength pulses. To enhance clarity, the two wavelengths are separated through the graded-index multimode fiber. Then we obtain the dual-pulse sequences with 1639.4nm and 1683.7nm wavelengths, 920fs pulse duration, and 23.75MHz pulse repetition rate. The average power of the signal is 53.64mW, corresponding to a single pulse energy of 2.25nJ. This illumination source can be further amplified and compressed for three-photon fluorescence imaging, especially dual-color three-photon fluorescence imaging, making it an ideal option for biomedical applications.

以微腔内光场演化的理论模型Lugiato-Lefeve方程为基础，分别讨论了连续光（CW）抽运和连续光与脉冲光混合抽运两种情况下，正色散微腔中光场的演化过程，以及各参数对光场分布的影响。理论分析结果表明，在CW抽运的情况下，微腔中有稳定的暗孤子存在，并且随着色散系数的增加，暗孤子的脉宽会增加，而失谐参量的增加会使暗孤子的形状发生变化。采用混合抽运可以在腔内形成脉冲形式的光场分布，弥补了单一CW抽运时在特定参数的正色散腔内难以产生亮孤子脉冲的不足。抽运脉冲的振幅过高，会导致腔内的脉冲发生分裂,微腔失谐参量的增加会导致脉冲展宽以及脉冲能量降低。理论分析结果对实现高质量的Kerr光频梳具有重要意义，能够帮助选择合适的微腔及抽运参数。

利用自行开发的高稳定、低抖动和重复频率可调的“σ”型被动锁模光纤激光器作为高性能光学取样源，与待测的80 Gb/s光脉冲信号同时输入到100 m高非线性光纤中，通过四波混频效应实现了对被测光信号的全光采样。然后利用自行开发的数字信号处理与计算机图形显示软件，精确地重现了被测试的基于RZ码型的80 Gb/s光脉冲信号波形图。同时，还利用该光学取样示波器实验样机系统对重复频率为10 GHz、脉宽为1.8 ps的商用半导体主动锁模激光器的输出波形进行测量，所显示的脉冲宽度值为2.0 ps。这表明开发出的实验样机系统的时间分辨率优于900 fs。

An asynchronous optical sampling scheme based on four-wave mixing (FWM) in highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF) is experimentally demonstrated. Based on this scheme, 10-GHz input pulse train with 1.8-ps pulse width is successfully sampled in 100-m HNLF. A single pulse at 10 GHz with 2.3-ps pulse width is rebuilt by using a 50-MHz frequency tunable free-running fiber laser as the sampling pulse source (SPS). 40-GHz pulse train is used as the input signal. The rebuilt waveforms, together with the low-jitter eye diagram, are also presented.

A high-quality low-timing-jitter 20-GHz optical pulse train is generated by using two cascaded sinusoidally driven electroabsorption modulators (EAMs) at very low bias voltage of -0.8 V in conjunction with a tunable distributed feedback (DFB) semiconductor laser. An approximate transform-limited optical pulse, with the pulse width less than 7 ps, the spectral width of 0.3 nm, and the side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) above 20 dB, is obtained by tuning the optical delay line.